Thanks to faithful reader Saint Di who brought the following to my attention a couple of days ago:
Stars and Stripes reports that last week a military psychologist suggested a major change in the criteria for the Purple Heart that would include awarding the decoration to troops diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Story here.
Secretary of Defense Robert Gates said last week Fortunato's was an “interesting idea”, adding that the issue is “clearly something that needs to be looked into.”
A politician's answer.
First of all comrades, this is going nowhere; Psychologist John E. Fortunato, chief of the Recovery and Resilience Center at Fort Bliss, Texas, is simply expressing an opinion. He is a man who obviously cares for his soldiers-patients, but he's dead wrong.
He suggests that having the Purple Heart would help "remove the stigma" of PTSD, an anxiety disorder that affects an estimated 20 percent of current combat veterans.
Debatable; it's more important to have the patient understand that this is not the life he expected to be living, but it's the one he thankfully has. While the medal would provide him with an "external" justification for some of is behaviors, there is far more important, old-fashioned work to do toward recovery.
It is easy to dispense with all this, and in the interest of full disclosure, I am a Purple Heart Recipient with a 30-percent PTSD disability rating and 20 years experience treating PTSD sufferers:
The Purple Heart is awarded to military members killed, wounded or injured as a direct result of combat with an enemy of the United States, while on a "peace-keeping mission" or in a terrorist attack.
As a practical matter, medical treatment is a requirement within the combatant's branch of military, unless you happen to be John Kerry.
The problem with including PTSD as a qualifying "wound" is that the diagnosis for PTSD requires a subjective assessment from a psychologist; thus, such a determination can be flawed or in complete error.
Moreover, there are numerous cases of people receiving compensation for PTSD who clearly do not deserve it or have even fabricated their service to defraud the VA. In fact, PTSD is specifially excluded as a criterion.
The award of the Purple Heart should be simple and straightforward, not the outcome of dueling psychiatrists.
The Purple Heart is the only military award that does not require someone's recommended... physical injury is clearly proof. Therefore it must continue to be the nation's most objectively-awarded earned military decoration.
History:
America's only military award in the Revolution was established in 1782 by Gen. George Washington. The Badge of Military Merit was a purple-colored, heart-shaped cloth badge. It was awarded to soldiers in the Continental Army for both heroism and meritorious service. Only three, like the one at left, survive.
Then it was promptly forgotten for 150 years. In 1932, when Gen. Douglas MacArthur revived the award as a full-sized medal, he looked to Washington's badge only for inspiration, since the new Purple Heart had an entirely different purpose.
The War Department soon decided that any veteran who had been wounded in any Army campaign could apply for the new decoration. As a result, about 10 Union veterans from the Civil War applied for--and received--the Purple Heart. So did a small number of soldiers who had served in the Indian campaigns, Spanish-American War (1898), Philippines War (1899-1902), Boxer Rebellion in China (1900) and the Punitive Expedition into Mexico (1916).
Before '32, WWI our doughboys wore a cloth "wound stripe" on the sleeve of their uniform.
In the course of our history more than 800,000 Purple Hearts have been awarded.
Of course over the years there have been controversies and changes to improve the criteria while still protecting the medal's integrity.
From 1942 to 1997, civilians serving or closely affiliated with the armed forces--as government employees, Red Cross workers, war correspondents and the like--were eligible to receive the Purple Heart. About 100 men and women received the award, the most famous being newspaperman Ernie Pyle, right, who was awarded a posthumous Army Purple Heart after being killed by a Japanese sniper in 1945.
This was opposed by Military Order of the Purple Heart which was successful in getting Congress to passed legislation prohibiting future awards of the Purple Heart to civilians. Today, the Purple Heart is only for those men and women in uniform.
Besides, civlian employees in support of military missions now have the Defense of Freedom Medal, an award recognizing wounds suffered during the performance of their duties.
The most recent Purple Hearts presented to civilians occurred after the terrorist attacks at Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia, in 1996--about 40 U.S. civil service employees received the award for their injuries.
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Purple Heart Highlights:
-- In 1917 Gen. John J. Pershing, left, originated the idea of a "third medal" which would become the Purple Heart. At that time, the U.S. Army had only the Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross and Distinguished Service Medal available to recognize heroism and meritorious Service.
-- Maj. Gen. Douglas MacArthur was issued Purple Heart #1. All Purple Hearts manufactured prior to WWI were individually serial numbered. MacArthur received the first one because he was the Army chief of staff. He was wounded in WWI.
-- No Purple Hearts were manufactured for the Army for 25 years after WWII. In anticipation of the invasion of Japan, approximately 500,000 Purple Hearts were manufactured. This stock lasted through the Vietnam War.
-- Before WWII all Purple Heart medals were officially engraved; many presented in WWII were engraved, but today's medals are not engraved. Posthumous medals are supposed to be engraved before presentation to kin.
I have the utmost respect for women who serve honorably in our military... the first female recipient I ever met was an Army nurse and Pearl Harbor survivor.
But I will never get used to today's young American women being placed in harm's way despite being non-combatants in a war that simply has no front or rear lines.
Regardless, here's the story of one such young trooper with the marvelous name of Marine Lance Cpl. Erin Liberty who survive a massive IED and today wears the Purple Heart.
And a tip of the helmet to the gentlemen writers of the 2004 VFW article, The Purple Heart: separating fact from fiction.
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